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13:27, 1 September 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Glycerol (Created page with "'''Glycerol''' (also known as glycerine) is a naturally occurring polyol compound present in wine. It is produced primarily during fermentation and plays a role in shaping the texture and perceived body of wines.<ref>Jackson, ''Wine Science: Principles and Applications'', 5th ed., Academic Press, 2020.</ref> == Background == Chemically, glycerol is a sugar alcohol formed as a by-product of yeast metabolism during alcoholic fermentation. I...")
13:21, 1 September 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Effervescence (Created page with "'''Effervescence''' in wine refers to the presence of bubbles created by dissolved carbon dioxide (CO₂), a key sensory and visual characteristic of sparkling wine. The phenomenon contributes to the perception of freshness, texture, and aroma release, and has long been associated with celebration and prestige.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Background == Effervescence arises when CO₂,...")
13:18, 1 September 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Gigondas (Created page with "'''Gigondas''' (French pronunciation: [ʒiɡɔ̃das]) is an Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée (AOC) in the Southern Rhône of France, recognised for producing powerful, Grenache-based red wines. Located at the foot of the Dentelles de Montmirail mountains, Gigondas has developed a reputation for robust, characterful wines that are often considered an alternative to nearby Châteauneuf-du-Pape.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wi...")
11:41, 1 September 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Gravel (soil) (Created page with "'''Gravel (soil)''' refers to coarse, rocky soils composed of small, rounded stones and sand, often formed through glacial or alluvial deposits. In viticulture, gravel soils are historically associated with Bordeaux, where they are considered essential to the character of the region’s great red wines.<ref>White, ''Soils for Fine Wines'', Oxford University Press, 2003.</ref> == Geological and Regional Context == Gravel soils originate from ancient r...")
11:36, 1 September 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Herbal (note) (Created page with "'''Herbal (note)''' refers to a class of aroma descriptors used in wine tasting, describing scents reminiscent of fresh or dried herbs, green leaves, or vegetal tones. Herbal descriptors are part of the broader aromatic profile of wine and belong to the lexicon of wine notes.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Sensory Description == Herbal notes are commonly described using references such a...")
11:30, 1 September 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Kamptal (Created page with "'''Kamptal''' is a wine region in Lower Austria, centred on the town of Langenlois and defined by the valley of the River Kamp. Recognised as a Districtus Austriae Controllatus (DAC) since 2008, it is one of Austria’s most important areas for Grüner Veltliner and Riesling.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Geography and History == The Kamptal lies north-west of Vienna, bordere...")
11:17, 1 September 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Carbon dioxide (Created page with "'''Carbon dioxide''' (chemical formula CO₂) is a colourless gas produced naturally during fermentation and widely present in wine. It plays both a technical role in protecting wine from oxidation and a sensory role in providing freshness or effervescence, especially in sparkling wine.<ref>Jackson, ''Wine Science: Principles and Applications'', 5th ed., Academic Press, 2020.</ref> == Background == In winemaking, carbon dioxide is formed as a by-...")
11:07, 1 September 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Avignon (Created page with "'''Avignon''' (French: [aviɲɔ̃]) is a historic city on the Rhône River in southern France, closely associated with the Southern Rhône wine region. While not itself an appellation, Avignon has long served as a cultural and commercial hub for the surrounding vineyards, notably those of Châteauneuf-du-Pape, Côtes du Rhône, and Lirac.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Background...")
11:01, 1 September 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Aromatic profile (Created page with "'''Aromatic profile''' in wine refers to the combination of scents perceived through olfaction, forming a central element of sensory evaluation alongside colour and structure. It encompasses both aroma — derived mainly from grape and fermentation — and bouquet—developed through maturation and ageing. The aromatic profile is a major indicator of grape variety, winemaking style, and wine condition.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford...")
10:42, 1 September 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Dessert wines (Redirected page to Dessert wine) Tag: New redirect
10:13, 1 September 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Trockenbeerenauslese (Created page with "'''Trockenbeerenauslese''' (German pronunciation: [ˈtʁɔkn̩beːʁənaʊsˌleːzə]; literally "dry berry selection") is the highest category of Prädikatswein in Germany and Austria. It denotes exceptionally sweet dessert wines made from individually selected berries affected by noble rot (Botrytis cinerea). These wines are among the rarest and most expensive styles produced, valued for their concentration, intensity, and longevity.<ref>Robinson (e...")
09:51, 1 September 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Terraces (Redirected page to Terrace) Tag: New redirect
09:45, 1 September 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Storage (Created page with "'''Storage''' refers to the conditions under which wine is kept after production, both before release from the winery and during cellaring by merchants or consumers. Proper storage is essential for preserving wine quality, ensuring stability during distribution, and allowing wines with ageing potential to develop as intended.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Background == Wine storage has evo...")
09:39, 1 September 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Sulphur dioxide (Created page with "'''Sulphur dioxide''' (SO₂) is a colourless gas widely used in winemaking for its preservative and antimicrobial properties. In wine, it acts primarily as an antioxidant and stabilising agent, protecting against spoilage and oxidation while helping to preserve freshness and longevity.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Background == The use of sulphur in wine dates back to antiquity, with...")
23:04, 31 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Roussillon (Created page with "'''Roussillon''' is a wine region in southern France, located in the eastern Pyrenees near the border with Spain. It forms part of the administrative region of Occitanie but is distinct from neighbouring Languedoc in terms of geography, climate, and tradition. Roussillon is noted both for its dry red wines and for its historic production of fortified vins doux naturels.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'' (entry: Roussillon),...")
23:00, 31 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Reserva (Created page with "'''Reserva''' is a legally defined ageing category in Spanish wine, applied to both red and white wines under the national wine regulations. It indicates a minimum period of maturation in barrel and bottle before release, distinguishing it from Crianza and Gran Reserva.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015 (entry: reserva). ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref> == Background == The Reserva cate...")
22:57, 31 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Powdery mildew (Created page with "'''Powdery mildew''' (also known as '''oidium''') is one of the most widespread fungal diseases affecting vines, with significant impact on grape quality and wine production. It is caused by the pathogen *Erysiphe necator*, a fungus that thrives in warm, dry conditions and can severely reduce yields and compromise wine quality if not controlled.<ref>Jackson, ''Wine Science: Principles and Applications'', 5th ed., Academic Press, 2020 (vineyard diseases). ISBN 978-012...")
22:52, 31 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Oxidation (Created page with "= Oxidation = '''Oxidation''' in wine refers to the chemical reactions that occur when oxygen interacts with components of the must or finished wine. These processes can significantly influence aroma, flavour, colour, and overall stability of the wine. While controlled oxidation plays a role in desirable wine styles, excessive or unintended oxidation is generally considered a fault. == Chemical processes == Oxidation involves the interaction of ph...")
22:46, 31 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Oak maturation (Created page with "'''Oak maturation''' refers to the process of ageing wine in oak barrels or casks, a practice that influences flavour, texture, and stability. It is a widespread technique in both traditional and modern winemaking, shaping many of the world’s most renowned wine styles.<ref>Jackson, ''Wine Science: Principles and Applications'', 5th ed., Academic Press, 2020 (wood maturation). ISBN 978-0128161180.</ref> == Background == The use of oak in win...")
22:41, 31 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Marsanne (Created page with "'''Marsanne''' is a white grape variety (French: [maʁsan]) originating in the Northern Rhône region of France. It is best known for its role in the appellations of Hermitage, Crozes-Hermitage, and Saint-Joseph, and is also grown in Switzerland, Spain, Australia, and other New World regions. Marsanne produces full-bodied, aromatic wines that can age to reveal rich, nutty and honeyed characteristics.<ref>Robinson, Harding &...")
16:57, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Languedoc-Roussillon (Created page with "'''Languedoc-Roussillon''' was a wine region in southern France, extending from the Mediterranean coast near Nîmes to the Spanish border at the Pyrenees. Long regarded as the country’s largest source of volume wine, it has undergone extensive transformation since the late 20th century, becoming a diverse producer of both everyday wines and high-quality appellations.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015...")
16:50, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Hungary (Created page with "'''Hungary''' is a wine-producing country in Central Europe with a viticultural history dating back over a thousand years. It is internationally renowned for the sweet wines of Tokaj, but also produces a wide range of dry whites and reds across 22 recognised wine regions.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015 (entry: Hungary). ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref> == Background == Viticulture in Hungary dates to Roman...")
16:41, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Floral (note) (Created page with "'''Floral (note)''' refers to an aromatic impression in wine reminiscent of flowers, commonly used in wine tasting to describe delicate, perfumed scents. It is part of the wider sensory vocabulary of wine notes and is often associated with freshness, youth, and grape typicity.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015 (entry: aroma; floral). ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref> == Background and Definition == The use...")
16:38, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Sweet wines (Redirected page to Sweet wine) Tag: New redirect
16:37, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Sparkling wines (Redirected page to Sparkling wine) Tag: New redirect
16:35, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Ampelographic (Redirected page to Ampelography) Tag: New redirect
16:35, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Fiano (Created page with "'''Fiano''' is a white grape variety (Vitis vinifera) primarily associated with the Campania region of southern Italy, where it is the basis of the Fiano di Avellino DOCG. Known for its aromatic intensity and capacity to produce structured, ageworthy whites, Fiano has also gained attention in New World regions such as Australia.<ref>Robinson, Harding & Vouillamoz, ''Wine Grapes'', HarperCollins, 2012 (entry: Fiano). ISBN 978-0062206367.</ref> =...")
16:29, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Condrieu (Created page with "'''Condrieu''' (French pronunciation: [kɔ̃dʁjø]) is a French appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) located on the west bank of the Rhône Valley, exclusively dedicated to wines made from the Viognier grape.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015 (entry: Condrieu). ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref> The appellation is noted for producing aromatic, full-bodied whites with distinctive floral and stone-fruit char...")
16:23, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Winemaking techniques (Created page with "'''Winemaking techniques''' encompass the practical methods used in transforming harvested grapes into wine. They form part of winemaking as a broader discipline, and reflect both long-standing traditions and modern scientific developments.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Background == {{Main|Winemaking}} The development of winemaking techniques dates back to antiquity, when practices such as ferm...")
16:15, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Semillon (Redirected page to Sémillon) Tag: New redirect
16:12, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Hermitage (Created page with "'''Hermitage''' (French: [ɛʁmi.taʒ]) is a prestigious appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) in the Northern Rhône, France. Centred on a single south-facing hill above the town of Tain-l’Hermitage, it is regarded as one of the Rhône Valley’s most historic and renowned vineyard sites, producing powerful and long-lived wines, primarily from Syrah.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref...")
16:05, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Flavours (Redirected page to Flavour) Tag: New redirect
16:04, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Ageing potential (Created page with "'''Ageing potential''' refers to a wine’s capacity to improve or develop additional complexity over time in bottle, rather than deteriorate. While most wines are intended for early consumption, a minority possess the balance of structure, fruit concentration and acidity needed for extended maturation.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Background == The idea of ageing wine dates back to antiquity...")
14:37, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Denominación de Origen Calificada (DOCa) (Created page with "'''Denominación de Origen Calificada''' (DOCa, Spanish pronunciation: [denominaˈθjon de oˈrixen kalifiˈkaða]) is the highest quality classification within Spain’s system of Denominación de Origen (DO). It designates wine regions recognised for consistent excellence, strict production standards, and long-established reputation.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Background == The DOCa categor...")
14:30, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Cornas (Created page with "'''Cornas''' (French pronunciation: [kɔʁ.nas]) is a French appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) located in the Northern Rhône valley, devoted exclusively to red wines made from Syrah. It is among the smallest Rhône appellations but is renowned for producing some of the region’s most powerful and long-lived wines.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Background == The name Cornas is...")
14:26, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Complexity (Created page with "'''Complexity''' in wine refers to the perception of multiple, interacting sensory elements that create depth and interest during tasting. It is a quality often associated with fine wines and is considered an important factor in wine evaluation, though it is inherently subjective.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Background == The concept of complexity has been central to wine appreciation since antiquit...")
14:00, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Cinsault (Created page with "'''Cinsault''' (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃.so]) is a red grape variety traditionally grown in the southern Rhône Valley and Languedoc, and widely planted across the Mediterranean. Known for its heat tolerance and productivity, it is valued both as a blending grape and for its role in fresh, perfumed rosés.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Background == Cinsault is believed to have o...")
13:53, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page China (Created page with "'''China''' is both an ancient producer of fermented beverages, such as rice wine, and a rapidly growing modern producer and consumer of grape wine. Today, it stands among the largest global markets for imported wine, while domestic viticulture has expanded significantly since the late 20th century.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Background == Fermented drinks have a long history in China, with rice-base...")
13:44, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Campania (Created page with "'''Campania''' is a major wine-producing region in southern Italy, noted for its volcanic soils, historic viticultural heritage, and distinctive native grape varieties. The region is particularly associated with the red Aglianico and the whites Fiano, Greco, and Falanghina.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Background == Viticulture in Campania dat...")
13:21, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Brunello di Montalcino (Created page with "'''Brunello di Montalcino''' is a prestigious Italian Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (DOCG) red wine produced around the hill town of Montalcino in southern Tuscany. Made exclusively from the local clone of Sangiovese known as ''Sangiovese Grosso'' or ''Brunello'', it is recognised for its power, longevity, and role as one of Italy’s most acclaimed wines.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University P...")
13:14, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Bottle ageing (Created page with "'''Bottle ageing''' refers to the maturation of wine in glass bottles after fermentation and initial cellar ageing in tank, vat, or barrel. It represents a key stage in the development of fine wines, allowing gradual chemical and sensory evolution under controlled conditions.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Background == The practice of ageing wine in bottle became more common with the wides...")
12:17, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Botrytis cinerea (Created page with "'''Botrytis cinerea''' is a fungal pathogen affecting grapevines, best known for its dual role in viticulture as both a destructive agent of grey rot and a beneficial agent in the form of noble rot (French: ''pourriture noble''), which is essential for the production of many of the world’s most celebrated sweet wines.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Background == Botrytis cinerea is a...")
12:07, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Vine cultivation (Created page with "'''Vine cultivation''' refers to the agricultural practices involved in growing grapevines for wine production. It encompasses the selection of vineyard sites, vine training, canopy management, and soil and water management, all of which influence grape quality and yield.<ref>Winkler, Cook, Kliewer & Lider, ''General Viticulture'', University of California Press, 1974.</ref> == Background == Grapevine cultivation has been practised for thousand...")
12:02, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Structure (Created page with "'''Structure''' in wine refers to the perceived balance and interplay of key components such as tannin, acidity, alcohol, and, in some cases, residual sugar. It is a critical element in professional tasting, influencing a wine’s texture, ageing potential, and overall harmony.<ref>Peynaud, ''The Taste of Wine: The Art and Science of Wine Appreciation'', Wiley, 1996.</ref> == Background == The concept of structure has been central to wine evaluatio...")
11:56, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page South Australia (Created page with "'''South Australia''' is the largest and most important wine-producing state in Australia, accounting for the majority of the country’s vineyard plantings and wine exports.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> It combines high-volume production zones with historic fine wine regions, many of which are celebrated internationally for their distinctive styles. == Background == Viticulture in South A...")
11:44, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Pyrenees (Created page with "'''Pyrenees''' (wine) refers to the viticultural regions situated along the Pyrenees mountain range, which forms the natural border between France and Spain. Although not a single appellation, the Pyrenees encompass diverse wine-growing areas shaped by altitude, varied climates, and centuries of cultural exchange. The wines of the region are known for their distinctive mountain character and a balance of tradition and innovation.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford...")
11:27, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Muscadelle (Created page with "'''Muscadelle''' is a white grape variety most closely associated with Bordeaux, where it is permitted in both dry and sweet wine production. Despite its name, it is unrelated to the Muscat family of grapes. Muscadelle is valued for its aromatic contribution, though it generally plays a minor role in blends.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Background == The precise origins of Muscadelle ar...")
11:19, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Ampelography (Created page with "'''Ampelography''' (from the Greek ''ampelos'', “vine”, and ''graphein'', “to write”) is the field of botany devoted to the identification and classification of grape varieties. It is a foundational discipline within viticulture, providing the means to distinguish among the thousands of cultivated and wild grapevines used in winemaking.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Background == Amp...")
10:20, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Alluvial (soil) (Created page with "'''Alluvial soils''' are soils formed by the deposition of sediments through rivers, streams, and flooding events. In viticulture, they are notable for their heterogeneity, providing a wide range of conditions that can strongly influence vine growth and wine style.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> These soils are found in many of the world’s important wine regions, often along valley floors and f...")
10:15, 27 August 2025 Winosaur talk contribs created page Viognier (Created page with "'''Viognier''' (French pronunciation: [vjɔɲje]) is an aromatic white grape variety most closely associated with the northern Rhône Valley in France, particularly the Condrieu appellation. Known for its distinctive floral and stone-fruit aromas, it has become an important variety internationally, producing both varietal wines and blends. Although historically close to extinction, Viognier has seen a revival since the late 20th century and is now cul...")