User contributions for Winosaur

15:4215:42, 19 August 2025 diff hist +3,481 N Ripening Created page with "'''Ripening''' in viticulture refers to the final phase of grape development, beginning after véraison and culminating in harvest. It is during this period that grapes undergo significant physiological and biochemical changes, which determine their suitability for wine production. The state of ripeness at harvest has a profound influence on wine style, balance, and quality.<ref>Jackson, ''Wine Science: Principles and Applications'', 5th ed., Academic Pre..." current
15:3515:35, 19 August 2025 diff hist +3,247 N Notes Created page with "'''Notes''' in wine refer to the descriptive terms used to characterise the aromas, flavours, and sometimes the textural sensations perceived during wine tasting. They are a central tool in the evaluation of wine, forming part of both professional assessments and informal descriptions. The term may apply to individual sensory impressions such as “citrus” or “vanilla”, or to structured tasting notes that compile these descriptors into..." current
14:3914:39, 19 August 2025 diff hist +5,580 N Wine production Created page with "'''Wine production''' refers to the industrial processes and organisational structures involved in transforming harvested grapes into wine on a commercial scale. While traditional winemaking techniques remain central to the craft, modern production encompasses a wide range of mechanised, scientific, and economic practices that distinguish it from artisanal approaches.<ref>Jackson, ''Wine Science: Principles and Applications'', 5th ed., Academic Press, 2020, pp. 3..." current
14:2914:29, 19 August 2025 diff hist +4,442 N Argentina Created page with "'''Argentina''' (/ˌɑːrdʒənˈtiːnə/) is one of the leading wine-producing countries of the Southern Hemisphere, with a long tradition of viticulture shaped by geography, climate, and European influence. Today, it is best known for its high-altitude vineyards and its role as the world’s leading source of Malbec wines. == Background == Viticulture in Argentina dates back to the mid-16th century, when Spanish settlers introduced Vitis vinifera to..." current
14:0914:09, 19 August 2025 diff hist +3,826 N Blending Created page with "'''Blending''' in winemaking refers to the practice of combining wines made from different grape varieties, vineyard parcels, or vintages to produce a finished wine with specific qualities of balance, complexity, or consistency.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref> The technique has been used since antiquity and remains central to many of the world’s most renowned wine st..." current
14:0414:04, 19 August 2025 diff hist +3,951 N Vineyard management Created page with "'''Vineyard management''' refers to the range of agricultural practices applied to a vineyard with the aim of producing grapes suited to quality wine production. It encompasses decisions on training systems, canopy structure, soil treatment, irrigation, pest control and harvest timing, all of which shape grape composition and the resulting wine style.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press,..." current
12:0512:05, 19 August 2025 diff hist +3,686 N Mediterranean Created page with "'''Mediterranean''' refers to the geographical region surrounding the Mediterranean Sea, encompassing southern Europe, North Africa and parts of the Near East. It is one of the historic cradles of viticulture and wine trade, with a climate and landscape that have shaped the development of grape growing and winemaking for millennia.<ref>Unwin, ''Wine and the Vine: An Historical Geography of Viticulture and the Wine Trade'', Routledge, 1991, ISBN 97..." current
12:0012:00, 19 August 2025 diff hist +4 Wine →Background current
11:5411:54, 19 August 2025 diff hist +3,365 N Lees Created page with "'''Lees''' are the deposits of dead yeast cells, grape solids, and other particles that settle at the bottom of a vessel during and after fermentation. The term derives from the Old French *lie*, itself from the Latin *levare*, meaning "to lift" or "to rise"<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref>. In winemaking, lees are both a by-product and an important tool, influencing the [[flavour]..." current
11:4311:43, 19 August 2025 diff hist +3,716 N Saint-Émilion Created page with "'''Saint-Émilion''' (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t‿emiljɔ̃]) is a renowned wine appellation and historic town in the Bordeaux region of southwestern France. Situated on the right bank of the Dordogne River, it is especially known for red wines dominated by Merlot and Cabernet Franc. Viticulture here dates back to the Roman period, and the appellation remains one of the most influential in Bordeaux today.<ref>Joh..." current
11:0511:05, 19 August 2025 diff hist +3,970 N Roman era Created page with "'''Roman Era''' viticulture refers to the period of winemaking and wine consumption during the Roman Republic and Roman Empire, when viticulture expanded across Europe and became a defining feature of the Mediterranean economy and culture. The Romans developed advanced vineyard practices, improved methods of storage and transport, and established a legacy that profoundly shaped the history of wine in Europe and beyond.<ref>Johnson, ''The Story of..." current
10:5810:58, 19 August 2025 diff hist +3,533 N Noble rot Created page with "'''Noble Rot''' (/ˈnəʊ.bəl rɒt/) refers to a beneficial form of the fungus ''Botrytis cinerea'' that affects ripe wine grapes under specific climatic conditions. While the same fungus can cause destructive grey rot, in its noble form it has long been prized for producing some of the world’s most celebrated sweet wines.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref> The term reflects t..." current
10:5110:51, 19 August 2025 diff hist +23 N Roman times Redirected page to Roman era current Tag: New redirect
10:4910:49, 19 August 2025 diff hist +24 N Grapes Redirected page to Wine grape current Tag: New redirect
10:4910:49, 19 August 2025 diff hist +24 N Grape Redirected page to Wine grape current Tag: New redirect
10:3610:36, 19 August 2025 diff hist +3,642 N Malbec Created page with "'''Malbec''' (/mælˈbɛk/) is a red wine grape variety of French origin, historically cultivated in south-west France but now most closely associated with Argentina. It produces deeply coloured wines with firm tannins and pronounced fruit character, and has become one of the most recognisable international grape varieties.<ref>Robinson, Harding & Vouillamoz, ''Wine Grapes'', HarperCollins, 2012, ISBN 978-0062206367.</ref> == Background == The grape..." current
08:4608:46, 19 August 2025 diff hist +3,395 N Madeira Created page with "'''Madeira''' (/məˈdɪərə/; Portuguese: [mɐˈðejɾɐ]) is both a Portuguese wine region and a distinctive style of fortified wine. Produced on the volcanic Atlantic archipelago of the same name, Madeira is notable for its longevity, oxidative character, and historical role in international trade.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref> == Region == Viticulture in Madeira is sha..." current

15:5915:59, 18 August 2025 diff hist +3,675 N Japan Created page with "'''Japan''' (/dʒəˈpæn/; 日本, Nihon or Nippon) is a wine-producing country in East Asia whose viticulture has developed from small-scale local cultivation into a modern industry recognised internationally. Although long overshadowed by traditional beverages such as Sake, wine has become an established part of Japan’s agricultural and cultural landscape.<ref>Johnson & Robinson, ''The World Atlas of Wine'', 8th ed., Mitchell Beazley, 2019, ISBN 978-1784..." current
15:5515:55, 18 August 2025 diff hist +25 N Clay Winosaur moved page Clay to Clay (soil) current Tag: New redirect
15:5515:55, 18 August 2025 diff hist 0 m Clay (soil) Winosaur moved page Clay to Clay (soil) current
15:5415:54, 18 August 2025 diff hist +2,861 N Clay (soil) Created page with "'''Clay''' is a soil type found in many winegrowing regions, valued for its ability to influence vine growth and the style of wines produced. Its fine mineral particles and distinctive physical properties make it a significant component of terroir.<ref>White, ''Soils for Fine Wines'', Oxford University Press, 2003, ISBN 978-0195141023.</ref> == Background == Clay is formed from the weathering of rocks such as limestone, granite (soil)|..."
15:5015:50, 18 August 2025 diff hist +2,980 N Tannat Created page with "'''Tannat''' (/taˈnat/) is a red wine grape variety most closely associated with the Madiran appellation of southwest France and the vineyards of Uruguay. The name is thought to derive from the word *tanné*, reflecting the grape’s notably high tannin levels.<ref>Robinson, Harding & Vouillamoz, ''Wine Grapes'', HarperCollins, 2012, ISBN 978-0062206367.</ref> == Background == Tannat originated in the foothills of the Pyrenees, where it beca..." current
15:4615:46, 18 August 2025 diff hist +4,012 N Prädikatswein Created page with "'''Prädikatswein''' (German pronunciation: [ˈpʁɛːdikat͡svaɪn], lit. “wine with special attributes”) is the highest category in the German system of wine classification. It denotes wines produced from grapes of superior ripeness, with quality determined by natural sugar levels at harvest. Chaptalisation (the addition of sugar to increase alcohol) is not permitted under this designation.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine''..." current
15:3315:33, 18 August 2025 diff hist +3,601 N Oenology Created page with "'''Oenology''' (/iːˈnɒlədʒi/), from the Greek ''oinos'' (wine) and ''-logia'' (study), is the scientific discipline concerned with wine and winemaking. It encompasses the study of grape chemistry, fermentation, maturation, and sensory evaluation, providing the technical foundation for modern wine production.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref> == Background == The formal study of oenology d..." current
15:1715:17, 18 August 2025 diff hist +4,243 N Austria Created page with "'''Austria''' (/ˈɒstriə/) is a landlocked country in Central Europe with a long tradition of viticulture. Its wine industry is characterised by a balance of deep historical roots and modern quality-focused regulations that have positioned Austrian wines among the most highly regarded in Europe.<ref>Johnson & Robinson, ''The World Atlas of Wine'', 8th ed., Mitchell Beazley, 2019, ISBN 978-1784724030.</ref> == Background == Viticulture in Austria da..." current
15:1015:10, 18 August 2025 diff hist +3,148 N Grape cultivation Created page with "'''Grape cultivation''' refers to the agricultural practice of growing grapevines for the production of wine, a discipline more formally known as viticulture. It encompasses the selection of vineyard sites, the management of vines, and the techniques employed to produce grapes of suitable quality for winemaking.<ref>Jackson, ''Wine Science: Principles and Applications'', 5th ed., Academic Press, 2020, ISBN 978-0128161180.</ref> == Background == The c..." current
15:0315:03, 18 August 2025 diff hist +4 Burgundy →Winemaking and Regional Styles current
15:0315:03, 18 August 2025 diff hist +4 France →Production and Practices current
15:0215:02, 18 August 2025 diff hist +4 Chardonnay →Wine Styles and Expression current
15:0115:01, 18 August 2025 diff hist +4 Delle Venezie DOC →Definition current
15:0115:01, 18 August 2025 diff hist −15 Etna →See also current
15:0015:00, 18 August 2025 diff hist +8 Etna →Practices
15:0015:00, 18 August 2025 diff hist +4 Sancerre →Vineyard and Cellar Practices current
15:0015:00, 18 August 2025 diff hist +4 Oak ageing →Relevance in Wine current
15:0015:00, 18 August 2025 diff hist +4 Full-bodied →Winemaking Influence current
14:5914:59, 18 August 2025 diff hist +4 Cava →Definition and characteristics current
14:5914:59, 18 August 2025 diff hist +4 Spumante →Use in winemaking current
14:5814:58, 18 August 2025 diff hist +12 Sauvignon Blanc →Definition and Characteristics current
14:5814:58, 18 August 2025 diff hist +4 Champagne (Region) →See also current
14:4914:49, 18 August 2025 diff hist +4 Champagne (Region) →Winemaking and Style
14:4814:48, 18 August 2025 diff hist −6 Ageing →Methods and styles current
14:4614:46, 18 August 2025 diff hist +3,665 N Ageing Created page with "'''Ageing''' in wine refers to the process by which a wine evolves over time, whether in barrel, bottle, or other vessels. Unlike simple storage, ageing is a controlled transformation that can enhance complexity, soften textures, and develop aromas, though not all wines are designed to benefit from prolonged ageing.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref> == Historical context == The..."
14:1714:17, 18 August 2025 diff hist +3,579 N Phylloxera Created page with "'''Phylloxera''' (/fɪˈlɒksərə/) is a small, root-feeding insect of the species ''Daktulosphaira vitifoliae'' that devastated vineyards worldwide in the 19th century. Native to North America, the pest caused one of the most severe crises in viticultural history, often referred to as the “Great Wine Blight.” Its impact and the subsequent solutions transformed global winegrowing practices.<ref>Campbell, ''Phylloxera: How Wine Was Saved for the..." current
13:2813:28, 18 August 2025 diff hist +3,285 N Yeast Created page with "'''Yeast''' (/jiːst/) are unicellular fungi of great importance in winemaking, responsible for the alcoholic fermentation that transforms grape must into wine. The term derives from Old English ''gist'' and Proto-Germanic roots meaning "foam" or "boil", reflecting the frothing effect of fermentation. The most significant species in oenology is ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'', though other genera also contribute to fermentation under certain conditions.<..." current
13:2413:24, 18 August 2025 diff hist +3,192 N Acidity Created page with "'''Acidity''' in wine refers to the concentration and perception of organic acids naturally present in grapes and produced during fermentation. It is a central component of wine tasting, contributing to freshness, balance, and the ageing potential of a wine.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref> == Background == The term derives from the Latin ''acidus'', meaning “sour” or..." current
13:1613:16, 18 August 2025 diff hist +3,341 N Yarra Valley Created page with "'''Yarra Valley''' is a wine region in Victoria, Australia, situated to the north-east of Melbourne. It is recognised as one of the country’s leading cool-climate regions, known particularly for Chardonnay and Pinot Noir as well as innovative styles of Cabernet Sauvignon and Shiraz.<ref>Johnson & Robinson, ''The World Atlas of Wine'', 8th ed., Mitchell Beazley, 2019, ISBN 978-1784724030.</ref> == Background == Viticulture in the Yar..." current
13:1213:12, 18 August 2025 diff hist +2,939 N Umbria Created page with "'''Umbria''' is a landlocked region in central Italy that has a long history of viticulture and produces wines noted for their diversity of style and reliance on both indigenous and international grape varieties. Although less internationally recognised than neighbouring Tuscany, Umbria has gained prominence for distinctive wines such as Montefalco Sagrantino and Orvieto.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-01..." current
13:0613:06, 18 August 2025 diff hist +3,045 N Raw material Created page with "'''Raw material''' in winemaking refers primarily to the grapes that form the basis of wine, but may also include additional substances used to adjust or supplement the must during vinification. Grapes provide the fermentable sugars, organic acids, water and phenolic compounds that collectively determine the balance, flavour and structure of the finished product.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705..." current
12:5912:59, 18 August 2025 diff hist +3,668 N Piedmont Created page with "'''Piedmont''' (Italian: Piemonte [pjeˈmonte]) is a major wine-producing region in north-western Italy. Surrounded by the Alps to the north and west and the Apennines to the south, it is noted for its diverse terroirs and distinctive wines. The region is especially associated with Nebbiolo-based appellations, such as Barolo and Barbaresco, which have contributed to its international reputation.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wi..." current
12:5012:50, 18 August 2025 diff hist +3,500 N Prosecco Created page with "'''Prosecco''' is an Italian sparkling wine primarily produced in the regions of Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia. It is made chiefly from the Glera grape, which until 2009 was also commonly referred to as Prosecco.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref> Known for its light, fresh and approachable style, Prosecco has become one of the most widely consumed sparkling wines worldwide...." current

19 August 2025

18 August 2025