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00:1000:10, 9 August 2025 Chianti Classico DOCG (hist | edit) [4,172 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Chianti Classico DOCG''' (Italian pronunciation: [ˈkjanti ˈklasːiko]; “Classical Chianti”) is a controlled and guaranteed designation of origin for red wine produced in the historic heart of the Chianti region of Tuscany, central Italy. Recognised as one of Italy’s most prestigious wine appellations, it encompasses the original production zone defined by a Medici decree in 1716 and is regulated by strict production standards under Italian and...")

23:5823:58, 8 August 2025 Chianti (hist | edit) [5,840 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Chianti''' (/kiˈanti/; Italian: [ˈkjanti]) is a wine-producing region and DOCG appellation in central Tuscany, Italy, renowned for red wines predominantly based on the Sangiovese grape. The name encompasses both a broader production zone and several recognised subzones, including Chianti Classico DOCG, each with specific regulations on grape composition, viticultural practices, and age...")
23:5023:50, 8 August 2025 Lambrusco (hist | edit) [3,329 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Lambrusco''' (/lamˈbrus.ko/) is both the name of a family of grape varieties and the wines produced from them, primarily in the Emilia-Romagna and Lombardy regions of northern Italy<ref>Robinson, Harding & Vouillamoz, ''Wine Grapes'', HarperCollins, 2012, ISBN 978-0062206367.</ref>. These wines are best known for their naturally sparkling character, which can range from lightly effervescent Frizzante to fully sparkling Spumante s...")
23:4223:42, 8 August 2025 Dessert wine (hist | edit) [3,391 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Dessert wine''' refers to any wine with a high level of residual sugar, typically served alongside or in place of a sweet course at the end of a meal<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref>. Definitions vary internationally: in the European Union, the term is not legally defined, while in the United States, dessert wine may refer to any wine over 14% alcohol by volume, whether sweet or for...")
23:3223:32, 8 August 2025 Spumante (hist | edit) [3,278 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Spumante''' (Italian: [spuˈmante]) is the legal term in Italy for a fully sparkling wine with a minimum of 3 bar pressure at 20 °C, as defined by Italian wine regulations.<ref>Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali, “Definizione di vino spumante”, politicheagricole.it. (Italian)</ref> While the word ''spumante'' in everyday Italian simply means “sparkling wine”, in a regulatory context it refers to a specific classification distinct from '...")
23:3023:30, 8 August 2025 Frizzante (hist | edit) [2,576 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Frizzante''' (Italian pronunciation: [fritˈtsante]) is a category of ''lightly'' sparkling wine defined under Italian wine law. The term derives from the Italian verb ''frizzare'', meaning "to fizz" or "to sparkle", and refers to wines with a gentler effervescence than fully sparkling ''spumante''<ref>Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali, “Definizione di vino frizzante”, politicheagricole.it. (Italian original)</ref>. == Backgrou...")
23:2323:23, 8 August 2025 White wine (hist | edit) [3,398 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''White wine''' is a category of wine produced by the alcoholic fermentation of the non-coloured pulp of grapes, which may be either white- or black-skinned<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref>. Its pale appearance results from minimal skin contact during production, distinguishing it from red wine and rosé wine. White wine has been made for thousands of years across the world’s wi...")
23:1723:17, 8 August 2025 Red wine (hist | edit) [3,183 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Red wine''' is a type of wine produced through the fermentation of dark-skinned grape varieties, with its colour derived primarily from pigments present in the grape skins.<ref>Robinson (ed.), The Oxford Companion to Wine, Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref> The practice of making red wine dates back thousands of years, with archaeological evidence linking its production to early civilisations in the Caucasus and Mediterranean regions.<ref>Ma...")
23:1123:11, 8 August 2025 Sparkling wine (hist | edit) [3,792 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Sparkling wine''' is a category of wine distinguished by the presence of significant levels of dissolved carbon dioxide, which creates a natural effervescence when poured<ref>Organisation Internationale de la Vigne et du Vin (OIV), "Definition of Sparkling Wine", oiv.int.</ref>. The bubbles are typically produced through secondary fermentation, either in the bottle or in large sealed tanks, though direct carbonation is also used for some styles<ref>Robinson (e...")
19:4219:42, 8 August 2025 Châteauneuf-du-Pape (hist | edit) [8,111 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Châteauneuf-du-Pape''' (French pronunciation: [ʃatoˈnœf dy pap], meaning "new castle of the Pope") is an Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) in the southern Rhône wine region of France, recognised for its production of full-bodied red and white wines. The designation was established in the early 20th century as part of France’s move towards formal wine regulation and is governed by strict rules set by the Institut National de l’Origine et de la...")
19:3619:36, 8 August 2025 Cava (hist | edit) [5,968 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Cava''' (/ˈkɑːvə/; Spanish and Catalan: Cava) is a Spanish sparkling wine produced predominantly in Catalonia using the traditional method of secondary fermentation in the bottle. The term derives from the Spanish word for "cellar", reflecting the underground storage used for maturation. Recognised under the Denominación de Origen Protegida (DOP) system, Cava is regulated by the Consejo Regulador del Cava, which defines authorised grape varieties, product...")
17:4917:49, 8 August 2025 Veneto (hist | edit) [3,624 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Veneto''' (Italian: [ˈvɛːneto]) is a major wine-producing region in north-eastern Italy, known for its diverse viticultural areas and significant contribution to the country’s wine exports. The region’s production encompasses a wide range of wine styles, supported by varied terroirs and a long-established winemaking tradition.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref> == History == Viticultu...")
17:1917:19, 8 August 2025 Delle Venezie DOC (hist | edit) [7,838 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Delle Venezie DOC''' (Italian pronunciation: [ˈdɛlle veˈnɛttsje]; meaning “of the Venices”) is a Denominazione di Origine Controllata covering the production of predominantly white wines, most notably those made from Pinot Grigio, in north-eastern Italy. The appellation spans the regions of Veneto, Friuli Venezia Giulia, and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, and was established in 2017 as an upgrade from the former IGT classification to st...")
15:5515:55, 8 August 2025 Crljenak Kaštelanski (hist | edit) [3,215 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Crljenak Kaštelanski''' (/tsrʎěnak kaʃtělanski/; Croatian for “red of Kaštela”) is a red wine grape variety native to the Dalmatian coast of Croatia. It is genetically identical to the Californian variety Zinfandel and the Italian Primitivo, a connection confirmed through DNA profiling in the late 1990s and early 2000s<ref>UC Davis, "DNA Analysis Reveals Zinfandel’s Croatian Origin", ucdavis.edu.</ref>. Historic...")
15:4715:47, 8 August 2025 Sommelier (hist | edit) [3,846 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Sommelier''' (/ˌsɒməlˈjeɪ/; French pronunciation: [sɔməlje]) is a trained wine professional, traditionally working in fine dining and hospitality, who specialises in all aspects of wine service and pairing. The role originated in France as a steward responsible for managing provisions, later evolving into a position focused on the selection, storage, and presentation of wine within restaurants<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford Uni...")
15:3915:39, 8 August 2025 Zinfandel (hist | edit) [7,427 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Zinfandel''' is a dark-skinned wine grape variety most widely cultivated in the United States, where it has become strongly associated with California wine production. Genetic research has established that Zinfandel is identical to the Croatian variety Crljenak Kaštelanski and closely related to Italy’s Primitivo<ref>UC Davis, “DNA Analysis Reveals Zinfandel’s Croatian Origin”, ucdavis.edu.</ref>. Known for producing wines wi...")
15:1715:17, 8 August 2025 Flavour profiles (hist | edit) [2,206 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Flavour profile''' in wine refers to the combination of aromas, tastes and tactile sensations that define a wine’s sensory character<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref>. It is shaped by grape variety, terroir, winemaking techniques and maturation processes. == Components == Wine flavour arises from the interplay of aroma compounds, taste perceptions and mouthfeel. Primary ar...")
15:0415:04, 8 August 2025 Syrah (hist | edit) [9,005 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Syrah''' (/ˈsiːrə/), also known as Shiraz in several wine-producing countries, is a dark-skinned grape variety cultivated primarily for the production of red wines. It is one of the world’s most widely planted grape varieties and is notable for its adaptability to a range of climates, from the continental conditions of the northern Rhône Valley to the warmer, Mediterranean and maritime regions of Australia and South Africa<ref>Robinson, Harding & Vouillamoz,...")
11:2611:26, 8 August 2025 Australia (hist | edit) [15,168 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Australia''' is a major producer and exporter of wine, with a diverse industry spanning all six states and encompassing a wide range of climates, grape varieties, and styles<ref>Wine Australia, "Australian Wine Overview", www.wineaustralia.com.</ref>. Viticulture in the country benefits from both ancient soils and advanced agricultural practices, allowing for production that ranges from cool-climate sparkling wines to full-bodied reds from warmer inland regions<re...")
10:5210:52, 8 August 2025 Hunter Valley (hist | edit) [2,788 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Hunter Valley''' is a wine-producing region in New South Wales, Australia, and one of the country’s most historically significant viticultural areas<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref>. Located approximately 120 kilometres north of Sydney, it is regarded as the birthplace of Australian wine, with vineyard plantings dating back to the early 19th century<ref>Halliday, ''The Australian Wine...")
10:4210:42, 8 August 2025 Sémillon (hist | edit) [4,865 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Sémillon''' (/ˈsɛmɪˌlɒn/) is a white grape variety of French origin, most closely associated with the Bordeaux wine region, where it plays a central role in both dry and sweet wine production<ref>Robinson, Harding & Vouillamoz, ''Wine Grapes'', HarperCollins, 2012, ISBN 978-0062206367.</ref>. Known for its relatively thin skin, susceptibility to noble rot (*Botrytis cinerea*), and ability to develop complex flavours with age, Sémillon has historical...")
10:2310:23, 8 August 2025 Pinot Gris (hist | edit) [6,737 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Pinot Grigio''' (/ˈpiːnoʊ ˈɡriːdʒioʊ/; Italian for "grey Pinot") is a white grape variety of the species ''Vitis vinifera'', widely cultivated for the production of dry white wines. Genetically identical to Pinot Gris, it is distinguished primarily by regional naming conventions and stylistic approaches in winemaking<ref>Robinson, Harding & Vouillamoz, ''Wine Grapes'', HarperCollins, 2012, ISBN 978-0062206367.</ref>. The variety is believed to have ori...") originally created as "Pinot Grigio"
10:1510:15, 8 August 2025 Sauvignon Blanc (hist | edit) [8,258 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Sauvignon Blanc''' (/ˌsoʊ.viˈnjɒ̃ ˈblɒŋk/; French pronunciation: [sovinjɔ̃ blɑ̃]) is a white grape variety of French origin, primarily associated with the Loire Valley and Bordeaux, and widely cultivated in wine regions across the world. The name derives from the French words ''sauvage'' (“wild”) and ''blanc'' (“white”), a reference to the grape’s presumed ancient, wild-growing ancestry<ref>Robinson, Harding & Vouillamoz, ''Wine Grapes'', HarperC...")
09:5909:59, 8 August 2025 Chablis (hist | edit) [4,736 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Chablis''' (French: [ʃabli]) is a wine appellation in the northernmost part of the Burgundy region of France, dedicated exclusively to producing white wines from the Chardonnay grape variety<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref>. Geographically distinct from the Côte d'Or and closer to the southern vineyards of Champagne, Chablis is renowned for its cool clim...")

15:2815:28, 7 August 2025 Barossa valley (hist | edit) [3,723 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Barossa Valley''' is a prominent wine region in South Australia, situated approximately 60 kilometres northeast of Adelaide. Known for producing some of Australia’s most distinctive and age-worthy red wines, especially from Shiraz, the region is home to some of the world’s oldest continuously producing vines<ref>Johnson & Robinson, ''The World Atlas of Wine'', 8th ed., Mitchell Beazley, 2019, ISBN 978-1784724030.</ref>. The name "Barossa" is...")
01:1101:11, 7 August 2025 Napa (hist | edit) [288 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Disambiguation}} '''Napa''' may refer to: * Napa Valley (AVA) – a prominent American Viticultural Area in California known for premium wine production * Napa (region) – the larger geographical and cultural wine region encompassing Napa Valley {{See also|California wine}}")
01:0801:08, 7 August 2025 Napa Valley (hist | edit) [4,282 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Napa''' is a wine-producing region in northern California, United States, centred on the city of Napa and encompassing the broader area of Napa County. It is internationally recognised for its role in the development of premium American viticulture and is home to one of the most prestigious American Viticultural Areas (AVAs), the Napa Valley AVA. While the term “Napa” is often used interchangeably with Napa Valley, the region as a whole includes multiple sub-A...")
00:5300:53, 7 August 2025 Champagne (Region) (hist | edit) [4,226 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Champagne''' (French: [ʃɑ̃.paɲ]) is a legally defined wine region in north-eastern France, internationally recognised for its production of traditional-method sparkling wine made exclusively from grapes grown within its delimited area. The name is protected under European Union and international law, and only wines produced under strict regulations within this region may be labelled as Champagne<ref>INAO, “Appellation Champagne – Cahier des charges”, www...") originally created as "Champagne (region)"

19:4219:42, 6 August 2025 Sweden (hist | edit) [6,918 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Sweden''' is a northern European country that has emerged in recent decades as a producer of cool-climate wines, despite its marginal viticultural conditions. Commercial wine production was legalised in 1999, and the sector has since grown steadily, driven by climate change, new hybrid grape varieties, and increased interest in local, sustainable agriculture<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705383.</...")
19:2419:24, 6 August 2025 United States (hist | edit) [5,989 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''United States''' is one of the world’s largest wine-producing nations, encompassing a vast range of climates, grape varieties, and winemaking traditions. Best known internationally for its output from California, the country has developed a diverse and quality-focused wine industry that spans all 50 states. Modern American viticulture integrates Old World influences with innovations in vineyard management and technology, contributin...")
19:0619:06, 6 August 2025 Riesling (hist | edit) [9,542 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Riesling''' is a white grape variety of German origin, widely regarded for its expressive aromatics, high acidity, and capacity to produce a broad range of wine styles, from bone dry to lusciously sweet. Documented as early as the 15th century, Riesling has become a benchmark variety for terroir expression and is especially associated with cooler climates where it thrives in well-exposed vineyard sites<ref>Robinson, Harding & Vouillamoz, ''Wine Grapes'...")
18:1318:13, 6 August 2025 Noble grapes (hist | edit) [1,813 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Noble grapes''' is an informal term used in the wine world to describe a small set of grape varieties considered to possess widespread historical significance, global adaptability, and the ability to produce high-quality wines in a variety of terroirs<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref>. While the term has no legal or scientific definition, it is often used in both educational and marketin...")
18:0718:07, 6 August 2025 Grape variety (hist | edit) [4,231 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Grape variety''' refers to a specific cultivated type of grapevine used in viticulture and winemaking. Each variety exhibits distinct genetic, morphological, and oenological traits, influencing factors such as berry size, skin thickness, sugar accumulation, and aromatic profile. Wine grapes belong almost exclusively to the species ''Vitis vinifera'', though other species and hybrids are occasionally used in particular regions or contexts<ref>Jackson, ''Win...") originally created as "Grape varieties"
17:5917:59, 6 August 2025 Canopy management (hist | edit) [3,187 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "== Background == '''Canopy management''' refers to the range of viticultural practices used to control the growth, density and structure of the vine canopy — the collective term for shoots, leaves and fruit. It emerged as a defined discipline in the late 20th century, driven by the recognition that canopy architecture significantly influences both grape ripening and wine quality<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Pre...")
14:5914:59, 6 August 2025 Viticulture (hist | edit) [5,749 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Viticulture''' refers to the science, practice, and study of cultivating grapevines, particularly for the purpose of wine production. The term derives from the Latin ''vitis'' (vine) and ''cultura'' (cultivation), reflecting its central role in the development of agriculture and human civilisation. As a foundational element of winemaking, viticulture encompasses a wide range of disciplines—ranging from plant biology and climate science to soil management and pruning...")
14:4714:47, 6 August 2025 Climate (hist | edit) [4,689 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Climate''' is a fundamental environmental factor in viticulture, referring to the long-term patterns of temperature, rainfall, sunlight, and other atmospheric conditions that shape the growing environment for grapevines. It plays a decisive role in determining which grape varieties can be successfully cultivated, how grapes ripen, and ultimately the character and style of the resulting wine<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford Unive...")
13:5313:53, 6 August 2025 Wine (hist | edit) [4,299 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Wine''' is an alcoholic beverage produced through the fermentation of freshly harvested grapes, a process dating back at least 8,000 years. Its development has been closely tied to human history, agriculture, and cultural exchange across civilisations<ref>Unwin, *Wine and the Vine: An Historical Geography of Viticulture and the Wine Trade*, Routledge, 1996, p. 17</ref>. Although wine can technically be made from any fruit, the term typically refers to beverages de...")
13:1813:18, 6 August 2025 New World (hist | edit) [7,789 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''New World''' is a term used in viticulture to describe wine-producing countries and regions outside the traditional sphere of European winemaking. It typically refers to areas where viticulture was introduced through colonisation or migration, including the United States, Chile, Argentina, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', 2015, p. 499</ref>. In contrast to the so-called Old Wor...")
13:0513:05, 6 August 2025 Italy (hist | edit) [14,116 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Italy''' is one of the world’s most significant wine-producing countries, both in terms of volume and historical influence. With viticulture dating back to at least the first millennium BCE, the Italian peninsula has played a continuous and central role in the development of winemaking in Europe<ref>Scienza & Imazio, ''La vite, il vino e la civiltà mediterranea'', 2000, p. 41</ref>. Its diverse geography, ranging from Alpine foothills to Mediterranean coastlines, f...")
12:0912:09, 6 August 2025 Old World (hist | edit) [11,174 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Old World''' wine refers to the viticultural traditions and wine-producing regions of Europe and parts of the Mediterranean basin that have cultivated vines for millennia. The term encompasses countries such as France, Italy, Spain, Germany, Georgia, and Greece, whose winemaking practices are deeply rooted in historical, cultural, and geographical contexts. Characterised by an emphasis on terroir, regulated appellation systems, and cen...")
11:1811:18, 6 August 2025 Georgia (hist | edit) [12,760 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Georgia''' (Georgian: საქართველო, pronounced [sɑkʰɑrtʰvɛlɔ]) is widely regarded as the birthplace of wine, with archaeological evidence indicating viticulture as far back as 6000 BCE.<ref>Ghviniashvili, *Vine and Wine in Georgia*, Sakpatenti, 2016, p. 17.</ref> Located at the crossroads of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, Georgia has maintained a continuous winemaking tradition that is deeply embedded in its national identity. With over 500 i...")
11:0411:04, 6 August 2025 Champagne (hist | edit) [267 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Disambiguation}} '''Champagne''' may refer to: * Champagne (wine) – sparkling wine produced in the Champagne region of France * Champagne (region) – historical province and wine-producing area in northeastern France * Champagne-Ardenne – former administrative region of France, now part of Grand Est * Champagne (grape) – historical name for certain grape varieties, sometimes associated with...")
10:5310:53, 6 August 2025 France (hist | edit) [15,676 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''France''' is one of the most historically significant and influential wine-producing countries in the world, known for its diverse terroirs, extensive range of grape varieties, and foundational role in the development of modern viticulture. French wines have shaped global perceptions of quality, with the country’s appellation system serving as a model for controlled designation of origin frameworks worldwide.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Comp...")

17:4217:42, 5 August 2025 Grenache (hist | edit) [6,546 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Grenache''' (also known as Garnacha in Spanish and Cannonau in Sardinian) is one of the most widely planted and versatile red wine grape varieties in the world. Thought to have originated in the eastern Mediterranean or the Iberian Peninsula, it is notable for its adaptability to warm, dry climates and its role in both varietal wines and blends. Grenache is particularly associated with southern France, Spain, Italy, and Australia, where it contribu...")
17:0217:02, 5 August 2025 Mexico (hist | edit) [6,487 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Mexico''' is an emerging wine-producing country with a viticultural history dating back to the 16th century, when Spanish colonisers first introduced the vine. Although historically overshadowed by beer and spirits in terms of domestic consumption, Mexico has in recent decades developed a dynamic and quality-focused wine industry. With a wide range of climates and elevations across its major regions—most notably Baja California (wine)—Mexico now produces a var...")
13:4613:46, 5 August 2025 Malolactic fermentation (hist | edit) [5,627 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Malolactic fermentation''' is a secondary fermentation process in winemaking that involves the conversion of malic acid into lactic acid by specific lactic acid bacteria, most notably *Oenococcus oeni*.<ref>Robinson (ed.), *The Oxford Companion to Wine*, Oxford University Press, 2015, p. 443.</ref> While not a true fermentation in the alcoholic sense, it plays a crucial role in softening the acidity of wine and contributing to flavour development. The process occurs a...")
13:3813:38, 5 August 2025 Nebbiolo (hist | edit) [8,807 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Nebbiolo''' is a red grape variety (''Vitis vinifera'') primarily associated with north-western Italy, where it forms the basis of some of the country’s most renowned wines, including Barolo and Barbaresco. Native to the Piemonte region, the name is commonly believed to derive from the Italian word ''nebbia'' (“fog”), referring either to the thick bloom on the grape skins at harvest or the mist that often settles over the Langhe hills during the late...")
13:2013:20, 5 August 2025 Tannin (hist | edit) [6,918 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Tannin''' refers to a group of naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds found in the skins, seeds, and stems of grapes, as well as in oak barrels used during wine maturation. In wine, tannins contribute to structure, texture, and longevity, imparting a drying, astringent sensation in the mouth. While more prominent in red wines due to extended skin contact during fermentation, tannins also play a subtle role in certain white wines and rosés. They are a defining cha...")
13:1313:13, 5 August 2025 Pinot Meunier (hist | edit) [4,139 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Pinot Meunier''' (French pronunciation: [pi.no mø.nje]) is a dark-skinned grape variety primarily grown for sparkling wine production, most notably in the Champagne region of France. The name "Meunier" (meaning "miller" in French) refers to the flour-like white down on the underside of its leaves, giving them a dusty appearance. Genetically a mutation of Pinot Noir, Pinot Meunier is valued for its earlier ripening, good disease resistance, and its ability to...")
10:4210:42, 5 August 2025 Oak ageing (hist | edit) [5,994 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "‘’‘Oak ageing’’’ is a winemaking practice in which wine is matured in oak barrels to enhance its flavour, texture, and aromatic complexity. This process allows for controlled exposure to oxygen and the gradual integration of compounds such as tannins, vanillin, and lactones from the oak itself. Oak ageing is employed in the production of both red and white wines, and the choice of oak type, barrel size, and ageing duration can significantly influence the fina...")

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