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30 September 2025

29 September 2025

  • 15:2315:23, 29 September 2025 Gneiss (soil) (hist | edit) [4,528 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Gneiss''' is a metamorphic soil type formed under high pressure and temperature, notable in viticulture for its influence on vine rooting and wine character.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, entry: soils – gneiss. ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref> Derived from granite or sedimentary protoliths, gneiss displays a banded mineral structure that can offer both excellent drainage and m...")
  • 10:2010:20, 29 September 2025 Instituto da Vinha e do Vinho (IVV) (hist | edit) [2,630 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Instituto da Vinha e do Vinho''' (IVV, Institute of Vine and Wine) is the Portuguese state body responsible for coordinating and regulating the national wine sector. Based in Lisbon, it oversees viticultural policy, production statistics, quality control, and collaboration with both domestic and international institutions.<ref>Instituto da Vinha e do Vinho (IVV), “About us”.</ref> == History and role == The IVV was established in the twentieth century as...")
  • 09:3309:33, 29 September 2025 Marsala (hist | edit) [4,199 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Marsala''' is a fortified wine produced in the western part of Sicily, Italy. It is one of the country’s most historically significant wines, having developed in the eighteenth century as a major export and later secured recognition as a protected designation within the Italian Denominazione di Origine Controllata (DOC) system.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == History == Although viticul...")

28 September 2025

  • 22:0222:02, 28 September 2025 Mission (hist | edit) [4,223 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Mission''' is a grape variety of Iberian origin that became the first widely planted vine in the New World. Also known as ''País'' in Chile and ''Criolla'' in Argentina, it is genetically identical to Listán Prieto, a Spanish variety that travelled with missionaries and colonists during the sixteenth century.<ref>Robinson, Harding & Vouillamoz, ''Wine Grapes'', 2012.</ref> Its legacy is strongly tied to colonial viticulture and the establishment...") originally created as "Mission grape"
  • 21:4421:44, 28 September 2025 Norway (hist | edit) [3,985 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Norway''' is an emerging wine-producing country in northern Europe. Situated at high latitudes, it lies well beyond the traditional limits of commercial viticulture, but small-scale vineyard development has expanded in recent decades due to climate change, the use of cold-resistant varieties, and increased local interest in Nordic wine culture.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', 2015.</ref> == Historical context ==...")
  • 21:3621:36, 28 September 2025 Orange wine (hist | edit) [4,541 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Orange wine''' (also called '''amber wine''') is a style of white wine made by fermenting white grapes with prolonged skin contact, a process that imparts deeper colour, tannic texture and distinctive flavour characteristics<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', 2015, entry: orange wine/amber wine. ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref>. The style differs fundamentally from rosé, which is made from red grapes with brief skin contact. == Historical or...")
  • 21:2421:24, 28 September 2025 Pinot (hist | edit) [5,347 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Pinot''' is a family of grape varieties encompassing several of the most influential cultivars in world viticulture, notably Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Pinot Blanc and Pinot Meunier; the name derives from the French for “pine”, evoking the pinecone-shaped bunches typical of these grapes.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, entry: Pinot family. ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref> The group is historically anchored in B...")

19 September 2025

16 September 2025

15 September 2025

14 September 2025

  • 23:1223:12, 14 September 2025 Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC) (hist | edit) [3,944 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC)''' is a global database of grape varieties maintained by the Julius Kühn-Institut in Germany. It provides comprehensive information on the taxonomy, synonyms, descriptors, and genetic profiles of thousands of cultivated and wild ''Vitis'' species, serving as a primary reference for researchers, growers, and wine professionals worldwide.<ref>VIVC – Julius Kühn-Institut, "Vitis International Variety Catalogue"...")
  • 23:1023:10, 14 September 2025 Wales (hist | edit) [6,739 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Wales''' is a small but increasingly recognised wine region within the United Kingdom, situated west of England. While its vineyard plantings remain limited, Welsh viticulture has developed steadily in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, supported by climate change, new grape selections and government promotion. Historically, Wales has also played an important role as a consumer and importer of wine, relying for centuries on trade links with continenta...")
  • 22:3922:39, 14 September 2025 Racking (hist | edit) [3,963 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Racking''' is a traditional process in winemaking in which a wine is transferred from one vessel to another, leaving behind sediments known as lees and other solids. The practice is fundamental both to the clarification of wine and to the management of its style during maturation, with applications ranging from small-scale cellar work to large-scale commercial production.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', 2015, entry: racking. I...")
  • 22:3422:34, 14 September 2025 Premier Cru (hist | edit) [3,681 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Premier Cru''' is a French wine classification used to denote vineyards, or groups of vineyards, considered to produce wines of high but not the very highest quality. The term is most closely associated with [[|Burgundy]] and Champagne, though its meaning and application differ between the two regions<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', 2015.</ref>. == Premier Cru in Burgundy == {{Main|Burgundy}} In Burgundy, Premier Cru (literally "first gr...")
  • 22:3122:31, 14 September 2025 Po Valley (hist | edit) [4,183 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Po Valley''' (Italian: ''Pianura Padana'') is a vast alluvial plain in northern Italy that plays a significant role in viticulture, both as a centre of large-scale wine production and as a transition zone to more prestigious hillside appellations. Extending across much of Lombardy, Emilia-Romagna, southern Veneto and touching the fringes of Piedmont, the valley provides fertile conditions that have shaped Italian wine hi...")
  • 20:1620:16, 14 September 2025 Pinot Blanc (hist | edit) [5,505 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Pinot Blanc''' is a white grape variety of the broader Pinot family, cultivated across several European and New World regions. Though often overshadowed by its relatives Pinot Gris and Chardonnay, it plays a significant role in the production of both varietal wines and blends, particularly in Alsace and northern Italy. Its restrained aromatic profile and adaptability make it suitable for a wide range of wine styles, from fresh still wines t...")
  • 15:5715:57, 14 September 2025 Nero d’Avola (hist | edit) [4,525 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Nero d’Avola''' is a red grape variety indigenous to Sicily, where it has long been considered the island’s most important native red cultivar.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', 2015.</ref> Known for producing deeply coloured wines with marked fruit character and good structure, it has become a defining element of Sicilian viticulture and a key driver of the region’s international reputation.<ref>Johnson & Robinson, ''The World At...")
  • 15:2915:29, 14 September 2025 Clare Valley (hist | edit) [4,589 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Clare Valley''' is a prominent wine region in South Australia, recognised internationally for its distinctive Riesling and a wide range of red wines, particularly Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon<ref>Johnson & Robinson, ''The World Atlas of Wine'', 8th ed., Mitchell Beazley, 2019.</ref>. Situated around 120 kilometres north of Adelaide, the valley is known for its elevated vineyards, varied soils and pronounced diurnal temperature (climate)|temp...")
  • 15:1415:14, 14 September 2025 Marl (soil) (hist | edit) [3,423 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Marl''' is a sedimentary soil type composed of varying proportions of clay and limestone, often including fine particles of silt and organic matter. In viticulture, marl is regarded as a significant element of terroir, providing conditions that influence vine growth and the sensory profile of wines.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', 2015, entry: marl. ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref> == Composition and...")
  • 15:0215:02, 14 September 2025 Denominaciones de Origen (DO) (hist | edit) [4,505 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Denominación de Origen (DO)''' is the principal Spanish system for certifying the geographical origin and quality of wines. Comparable to the French Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) or the Italian Denominazione di Origine Controllata (DOC), it guarantees that a wine comes from a defined area and complies with specific production rules. Within the European Union, DO wines are legally recognised under the framework of Protected Designation of Origin (P...")
  • 14:3214:32, 14 September 2025 Downy mildew (hist | edit) [4,033 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Downy mildew''' is a serious fungal disease of the grapevine caused by the oomycete ''Plasmopara viticola''. It is one of the most significant threats to viticulture, affecting vine growth, fruit development and ultimately wine quality. The disease thrives in warm, humid conditions, where it can spread rapidly through vineyard canopies and severely reduce yields if not effectively controlled<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', 2015.</ref>...")
  • 14:2514:25, 14 September 2025 Dry wine (hist | edit) [6,418 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Dry wine''' is a style of wine characterised by the near absence of fermentable sugars in the finished product. The term is widely used across the global wine trade as a key classification, distinguishing wines that taste non-sweet from those containing detectable levels of residual sugar. While seemingly straightforward, the concept of dryness is shaped by technical definitions, chemical composition, and cultural expectations, making it central both to profession...")

12 September 2025

8 September 2025

5 September 2025

  • 15:5815:58, 5 September 2025 Loess (soil) (hist | edit) [3,650 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Loess''' is a wind-deposited soil type composed mainly of fine silt and dust, which plays a significant role in several wine regions. Its combination of fertility, depth, and good water retention makes it particularly well suited to viticulture, and it is most famously associated with Austria, where it underpins some of the country’s most important vineyard areas.<ref>White, ''Soils for Fine Wines'', Oxford University Press, 2003, pp. 112–118. ISBN 978-019...")
  • 15:5315:53, 5 September 2025 Ethanol (hist | edit) [4,937 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Ethanol''' (also known as ethyl alcohol) is the principal form of alcohol present in wine, produced through the metabolic activity of yeasts during primary fermentation. It plays a central role in the composition, sensory profile, and stability of wine, while also being subject to regulation in labelling and trade<ref>Jackson, ''Wine Science: Principles and Applications'', 5th ed., Academic Press, 2020, pp. 173–180. ISBN 978-0128161180.</ref>. == Ch...")
  • 15:4415:44, 5 September 2025 Spice (note) (hist | edit) [3,624 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Spice (note)''' refers to a group of aroma and flavour descriptors used in wine tasting to indicate sensory impressions reminiscent of culinary spices. These may evoke associations with pepper, clove, cinnamon, vanilla, or other dried spice characters and are considered part of the wine’s aromatic complexity<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015, entry: aroma; spicy descriptors. ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref>...")
  • 15:0615:06, 5 September 2025 Citrus (note) (hist | edit) [2,631 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Citrus (note)''' is a common sensory descriptor in wine tasting, used to describe aromas and flavours reminiscent of lemon, lime, orange, or grapefruit. It belongs to the broader category of fruity (note) and is typically associated with freshness, high acidity, and youthful wines<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015 (entry: aroma descriptors). ISBN 978-0198705383.</ref>. == Sensory definition == Citr...")
  • 14:5514:55, 5 September 2025 Closure (hist | edit) [4,767 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Closure''' in wine refers to the device used to seal a bottle, protecting the contents from spoilage, oxidation, and loss of carbon dioxide in sparkling wines. Beyond a purely practical role, closures influence how a wine matures, and they remain one of the most debated aspects of modern winemaking.<ref>Robinson (ed.), ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 2015.</ref> == Definition and function == Closures serve to mai...")
  • 14:3314:33, 5 September 2025 Tokaj (hist | edit) [3,884 bytes] Winosaur (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Tokaj''' (Hungarian: Tokaj, [ˈtokɒj]) is a historic wine region in north-eastern Hungary, internationally renowned for its production of botrytised sweet wines, particularly Tokaji Aszú. The area has been associated with viticulture for centuries and was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list in 2002 as the Tokaj Wine Region Historic Cultural Landscape.<ref>UNESCO World Heritage Centre, "Tokaj Wine Region Historic Cultural Landscape".</ref>...")

3 September 2025

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