Korea: Difference between revisions
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Korea refers to the Korean Peninsula in East Asia, comprising the Republic of Korea (South Korea) and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea). [[[[Wine]] production]] in [[Korea]] is limited and of marginal global significance, constrained by climatic conditions and historical consumption patterns, while wine consumption in South Korea has grown steadily as part of broader changes in dietary habits and alcohol preferences.<ref>Robinson | Korea refers to the Korean Peninsula in East Asia, comprising the Republic of Korea (South Korea) and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea). [[[[Wine]] production]] in [[Korea]] is limited and of marginal global significance, constrained by climatic conditions and historical consumption patterns, while wine consumption in South Korea has grown steadily as part of broader changes in dietary habits and alcohol preferences.<ref>Jancis Robinson, ''Oxford Companion to Wine'', Oxford University Press, 17 Sept. 2015. ISBN 9780198705383.</ref> | ||
== Geography and climate == | == Geography and climate == | ||
The Korean Peninsula is characterised by a temperate climate with hot, humid summers and cold winters. High summer rainfall associated with the East Asian monsoon creates challenging conditions for viticulture, including elevated disease pressure and difficulties in achieving consistent grape ripening.<ref>Johnson | The Korean Peninsula is characterised by a temperate climate with hot, humid summers and cold winters. High summer rainfall associated with the East Asian monsoon creates challenging conditions for viticulture, including elevated disease pressure and difficulties in achieving consistent grape ripening.<ref>Hugh Johnson, Jancis Robinson, ''World Atlas of Wine: 8th edition'', Mitchell Beazley, 1 Oct. 2019. ISBN 9781784724030.</ref> | ||
These climatic constraints place Korea outside the traditional global viticultural zones and limit the suitability of large-scale [[Vitis vinifera]] cultivation without significant site selection and disease management interventions.<ref>Keller, ''The Science of Grapevines'', Academic Press, 2015 | These climatic constraints place Korea outside the traditional global viticultural zones and limit the suitability of large-scale [[Vitis vinifera]] cultivation without significant site selection and disease management interventions.<ref>Markus Keller, ''The Science of Grapevines: Anatomy and Physiology'', Academic Press Inc, 19 Jan. 2015. ISBN 9780124199873.</ref> | ||
== Viticulture == | == Viticulture == | ||
Experimental and small-scale viticulture exists in parts of South Korea, often focused on hybrid grape varieties or international cultivars adapted to humid conditions. [[[[Vineyard]] management]] requires intensive control of fungal diseases due to high rainfall and humidity during the growing season.<ref>Jackson, ''Wine Science: Principles and Applications'', Academic Press, 2020 | Experimental and small-scale viticulture exists in parts of South Korea, often focused on hybrid grape varieties or international cultivars adapted to humid conditions. [[[[Vineyard]] management]] requires intensive control of fungal diseases due to high rainfall and humidity during the growing season.<ref>PhD Jackson, Ronald S., ''Wine Science: Principles and Applications'', Academic Press Inc, 14 April 2020. ISBN 9780128161180.</ref> | ||
Domestic wine production remains limited in volume and is primarily directed toward local markets. As a result, Korea is not considered a major wine-producing region in international classifications.<ref>OIV, “Viticulture and wine consumption in Asia”, https://www.oiv.int</ref> | Domestic wine production remains limited in volume and is primarily directed toward local markets. As a result, Korea is not considered a major wine-producing region in international classifications.<ref>OIV, “Viticulture and wine consumption in Asia”, https://www.oiv.int</ref> | ||
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Wine consumption in South Korea has increased significantly since the late 20th century, driven by rising incomes, globalisation and increased exposure to Western food and beverage culture. The market is dominated by imported wines, with [[France]], [[Chile]], [[Italy]] and the [[United States]] among the principal suppliers.<ref>Anderson & Nelgen, ''Global Wine Markets'', University of Adelaide Press, 2011, ISBN 9780987073051.</ref> | Wine consumption in South Korea has increased significantly since the late 20th century, driven by rising incomes, globalisation and increased exposure to Western food and beverage culture. The market is dominated by imported wines, with [[France]], [[Chile]], [[Italy]] and the [[United States]] among the principal suppliers.<ref>Anderson & Nelgen, ''Global Wine Markets'', University of Adelaide Press, 2011, ISBN 9780987073051.</ref> | ||
Wine is primarily consumed in urban areas and is often associated with dining, gifting and social occasions rather than everyday consumption.<ref>MacNeil, ''The Wine Bible'', | Wine is primarily consumed in urban areas and is often associated with dining, gifting and social occasions rather than everyday consumption.<ref>Karen MacNeil, ''The Wine Bible'', Workman Adult, October 11, 2022. ISBN 9781523510092.</ref> | ||
== International context == | == International context == | ||